diff --git a/assets/css/frontend/remote-modal.css b/assets/css/frontend/modal-runtime.css
similarity index 79%
rename from assets/css/frontend/remote-modal.css
rename to assets/css/frontend/modal-runtime.css
index 92a2fdd2..6c481ebc 100644
--- a/assets/css/frontend/remote-modal.css
+++ b/assets/css/frontend/modal-runtime.css
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 /**
- * Remote modal + ajax list primitives (shared).
+ * Modal runtime + ajax list primitives (shared).
  *
  * @package AKSRT
  */
 
 /* ---- scroll lock ---- */
-html.aksrt-remote-modal-open,
-body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
+html.aksrt-modal-runtime-open,
+body.aksrt-modal-runtime-open {
   overflow: hidden;
 }
 
-/* ---- remote modal shell ---- */
-.aksrt-remote-modal {
+/* ---- modal runtime shell ---- */
+.aksrt-modal-runtime {
   position: fixed;
   inset: 0;
   z-index: 100050;
@@ -24,20 +24,20 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   pointer-events: none;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal.is-open {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime.is-open {
   opacity: 1;
   visibility: visible;
   pointer-events: auto;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__overlay {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__overlay {
   position: absolute;
   inset: 0;
   background: rgba(15, 18, 28, 0.48);
   backdrop-filter: blur(2px);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
   position: relative;
   z-index: 1;
   width: min(440px, calc(100vw - 32px));
@@ -51,15 +51,15 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   color: var(--color-ink, #1f2937);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal.is-open .aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime.is-open .aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
   transform: translateY(0) scale(1);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal--bottom {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime--bottom {
   align-items: flex-end;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal--bottom .aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime--bottom .aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
   width: 100%;
   max-width: 100%;
   border-radius: 16px 16px 0 0;
@@ -67,11 +67,11 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   transform: translateY(24px);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal--bottom.is-open .aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime--bottom.is-open .aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
   transform: translateY(0);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__header {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__header {
   display: flex;
   align-items: center;
   justify-content: space-between;
@@ -79,32 +79,32 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   padding: 16px 18px 0;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__title {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__title {
   margin: 0;
   font-size: 17px;
   line-height: 1.35;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__content {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__content {
   padding: 18px 18px 16px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__loading,
-.aksrt-remote-modal__error-body {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__loading,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__error-body {
   padding: 28px 8px;
   text-align: center;
   color: var(--color-ink-2, #6b7280);
   font-size: 14px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton {
   display: grid;
   gap: 12px;
   padding: 8px 2px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line,
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-block {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-block {
   display: block;
   border-radius: 8px;
   background: linear-gradient(90deg, rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.16), rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.3), rgba(148, 163, 184, 0.16));
@@ -112,26 +112,26 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   animation: aksrt-modal-skeleton 1.2s ease-in-out infinite;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line {
   width: 72%;
   height: 12px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line.is-wide {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line.is-wide {
   width: 92%;
   height: 18px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line.is-short {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line.is-short {
   width: 44%;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-block {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-block {
   width: 100%;
   min-height: 84px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal__retry {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime__retry {
   cursor: pointer;
 }
 
@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   100% { background-position: -100% 0; }
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal .touch.border-title,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .border-title {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .touch.border-title,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .border-title {
   font-size: 16px;
   font-weight: 700;
   margin: 0 0 14px;
@@ -151,8 +151,7 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   gap: 6px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal .abs-close,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .aksrt-remote-modal__close {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .aksrt-modal-runtime__close {
   position: absolute;
   top: 10px;
   right: 10px;
@@ -167,17 +166,17 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   line-height: 1;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal .but-average.modal-buts,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .but-average.modal-buts,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts {
   display: grid;
   grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
   gap: 10px;
   margin-top: 16px;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal .but-average.modal-buts .but,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts .but,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts button {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .but-average.modal-buts .but,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts .but,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts button {
   min-height: 40px;
   border-radius: 10px;
   border: 1px solid var(--color-line, #e5e7eb);
@@ -187,9 +186,9 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
   cursor: pointer;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts .but.c-blue,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts button.c-blue,
-.aksrt-remote-modal .modal-buts .btn-primary {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts .but.c-blue,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts button.c-blue,
+.aksrt-modal-runtime .modal-buts .btn-primary {
   background: var(--color-primary, #f04494);
   border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--color-primary, #f04494) 70%, #000 0%);
   color: var(--color-on-primary, #fff);
@@ -351,7 +350,7 @@ body.aksrt-remote-modal-open {
 }
 
 @media (max-width: 768px) {
-  .aksrt-remote-modal:not(.aksrt-remote-modal--bottom) .aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+  .aksrt-modal-runtime:not(.aksrt-modal-runtime--bottom) .aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
     width: calc(100vw - 20px);
   }
 }
diff --git a/assets/css/frontend/vip-modal.css b/assets/css/frontend/vip-modal.css
index bd68c1ce..ef6e0b58 100644
--- a/assets/css/frontend/vip-modal.css
+++ b/assets/css/frontend/vip-modal.css
@@ -2,26 +2,7 @@
  * VIP pay modal + hover cards (zibll payvip-modal / vip-card).
  */
 
-.aksrt-vip-modal-open {
-  overflow: hidden;
-}
-
-.aksrt-vip-modal-overlay {
-  position: fixed;
-  inset: 0;
-  z-index: 1200;
-  display: none;
-  align-items: center;
-  justify-content: center;
-  padding: 16px;
-  background: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5);
-}
-
-.aksrt-vip-modal-overlay.is-open {
-  display: flex;
-}
-
-.aksrt-vip-modal-dialog {
+.aksrt-vip-modal-panel {
   width: min(560px, 100%);
   max-height: min(90vh, 760px);
   overflow: auto;
@@ -31,11 +12,11 @@
 }
 
 /* VIP now uses the shared modal runtime host. */
-.aksrt-remote-modal.aksrt-vip-modal-shell {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime.aksrt-vip-modal-shell {
   z-index: 1200;
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal.aksrt-vip-modal-shell .aksrt-remote-modal__dialog {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime.aksrt-vip-modal-shell .aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog {
   width: min(560px, 100%);
   max-height: min(90vh, 760px);
   background: var(--main-bg-color, #fff);
@@ -43,7 +24,7 @@
   box-shadow: 0 16px 48px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.22);
 }
 
-.aksrt-remote-modal.aksrt-vip-modal-shell .aksrt-remote-modal__content {
+.aksrt-modal-runtime.aksrt-vip-modal-shell .aksrt-modal-runtime__content {
   padding: 0;
 }
 
@@ -52,8 +33,7 @@
   padding: 18px 16px 16px;
 }
 
-.payvip-modal .close,
-.aksrt-vip-modal-close {
+.aksrt-modal-close {
   position: absolute;
   top: 8px;
   right: 12px;
@@ -121,7 +101,7 @@
 
 /* Modal-only equity (admin HTML; no forced bullets) */
 .payvip-modal .v-equity,
-.aksrt-vip-modal-dialog .v-equity {
+.aksrt-vip-modal-panel .v-equity {
   display: block;
   list-style: none;
   margin: 8px 0 0;
@@ -130,7 +110,7 @@
   line-height: 1.6;
 }
 .payvip-modal .v-equity > li,
-.aksrt-vip-modal-dialog .v-equity > li {
+.aksrt-vip-modal-panel .v-equity > li {
   display: block;
   margin: 0 0 6px;
   padding: 0;
@@ -138,8 +118,8 @@
 }
 .payvip-modal .v-equity > li::before,
 .payvip-modal .v-equity > li::after,
-.aksrt-vip-modal-dialog .v-equity > li::before,
-.aksrt-vip-modal-dialog .v-equity > li::after {
+.aksrt-vip-modal-panel .v-equity > li::before,
+.aksrt-vip-modal-panel .v-equity > li::after {
   content: none !important;
   display: none !important;
 }
diff --git a/assets/css/frontend/widget-batch3f.css b/assets/css/frontend/widget-batch3f.css
index 9f1b0d1d..9609e788 100644
--- a/assets/css/frontend/widget-batch3f.css
+++ b/assets/css/frontend/widget-batch3f.css
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@
   font-size: 16px;
   margin-bottom: 14px;
 }
-.aksrt-checkin-modal__head .aksrt-remote-modal__close {
+.aksrt-checkin-modal__head .aksrt-modal-runtime__close {
   margin-left: auto;
   border: 0;
   background: transparent;
diff --git a/assets/js/aksrt-runtime.js b/assets/js/aksrt-runtime.js
index 349575ba..85fa4183 100644
--- a/assets/js/aksrt-runtime.js
+++ b/assets/js/aksrt-runtime.js
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
  *   aksrt.tbquire(deps, cb)         — lazy script/CSS loader
  *   aksrt.notyf(msg, opts)          — unified toast (same-ID update)
  *   aksrt.confirm(msg, opts)        — i18n confirm dialog
- *   aksrt.refreshModal(opts)        — remote content modal
  *   aksrt.scrollTopTo(target, off)  — smart scroll with header offset
  *   aksrt.loading(el, show)         — element-level loading overlay
  *   aksrt.Drawer(opts)              — mobile fullscreen drawer + route
@@ -313,68 +312,6 @@
     el.appendChild(mask);
   };
 
-  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-  //  §10.10 — refreshModal: remote content modal
-  // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
-
-  function closeRefreshModal() {
-    if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.close === 'function') {
-      window.AksrtModalRuntime.close('refresh-modal');
-    }
-  }
-
-  aksrt.refreshModal = function (opts) {
-    opts = opts || {};
-    var runtime = window.AksrtModalRuntime;
-    if (!runtime || typeof runtime.open !== 'function' || typeof runtime.openRemote !== 'function') {
-      return Promise.reject(new Error('modal runtime unavailable'));
-    }
-
-    var base = {
-      title: opts.title || '',
-      className: opts.class || '',
-      bottom: opts.mobile_from_bottom === true,
-      mobileBottom: opts.mobile_from_bottom === true,
-      cache: opts.cache !== false,
-      cacheTtl: opts.cacheTtl || 15000,
-      cacheTags: opts.cacheTags || opts.tags || [],
-      kind: opts.kind || 'generic',
-    };
-
-    if (opts.content !== undefined) {
-      return Promise.resolve(runtime.open(Object.assign({}, base, { html: opts.content })))
-        .catch(function () { return null; });
-    }
-
-    if (opts.remote) {
-      return runtime.openRemote(Object.assign({}, base, {
-        url: opts.remote,
-        method: opts.method || 'GET',
-      }));
-    }
-
-    if (opts.action) {
-      var ajaxUrl = (window.aksrtData && window.aksrtData.ajaxUrl) || '/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php';
-      var params = new URLSearchParams();
-      params.set('action', opts.action);
-      if (window.aksrtData && window.aksrtData.nonce) params.set('nonce', window.aksrtData.nonce);
-      if (opts.data) {
-        Object.keys(opts.data).forEach(function (key) { params.set(key, opts.data[key]); });
-      }
-      return runtime.openRemote(Object.assign({}, base, {
-        url: ajaxUrl,
-        method: 'POST',
-        cache: false,
-        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8' },
-        body: params.toString(),
-      }));
-    }
-
-    return Promise.resolve(runtime.open(base));
-  };
-
-  aksrt.refreshModal.close = closeRefreshModal;
-
   // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
   //  §10.11 — Drawer: mobile fullscreen slide-in + route
   // ══════════════════════════════════════════════════════════════
@@ -707,7 +644,12 @@
         btn.classList.remove('is-loading');
         if (json && json.success) {
           if (json.data && json.data.show_modal) {
-            aksrt.refreshModal({ content: json.data.show_modal, mobile_from_bottom: true });
+            window.AksrtModalRuntime.open({
+              html: json.data.show_modal,
+              bottom: true,
+              mobileBottom: true,
+              kind: 'generic',
+            });
           } else if (json.data && json.data.message) {
             aksrt.notyf(json.data.message, 'success');
           }
diff --git a/assets/js/core/modal-runtime.js b/assets/js/core/modal-runtime.js
index c5150ccd..7440dbbe 100644
--- a/assets/js/core/modal-runtime.js
+++ b/assets/js/core/modal-runtime.js
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /**
  * Canonical frontend modal runtime.
  *
- * Keeps the existing remote-modal shell while adding cancellable loaders,
+ * Owns the modal shell while adding cancellable loaders,
  * short in-memory caching, request deduplication, retryable errors, focus
  * restoration, and modal-scoped rehydration.
  *
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 (function (window, document) {
   "use strict";
 
-  var ROOT_ID = "aksrt-remote-modal-root";
+  var ROOT_ID = "aksrt-modal-runtime-root";
   var active = null;
   var sequence = 0;
   var loaders = Object.create(null);
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
     if (root) return root;
     root = document.createElement("div");
     root.id = ROOT_ID;
-    root.className = "aksrt-remote-modal-host";
+    root.className = "aksrt-modal-runtime-host";
     document.body.appendChild(root);
     return root;
   }
@@ -39,31 +39,28 @@
   }
 
   function lockScroll(lock) {
-    document.documentElement.classList.toggle("aksrt-remote-modal-open", !!lock);
-    document.body.classList.toggle("aksrt-remote-modal-open", !!lock);
+    document.documentElement.classList.toggle("aksrt-modal-runtime-open", !!lock);
+    document.body.classList.toggle("aksrt-modal-runtime-open", !!lock);
   }
 
   function skeleton(options) {
     return (options && options.skeleton) ||
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton" aria-live="polite" aria-busy="true">' +
-      '<span class="aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line is-wide"></span>' +
-      '<span class="aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line"></span>' +
-      '<span class="aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-line is-short"></span>' +
-      '<span class="aksrt-remote-modal__skeleton-block"></span>' +
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton" aria-live="polite" aria-busy="true">' +
+      '<span class="aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line is-wide"></span>' +
+      '<span class="aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line"></span>' +
+      '<span class="aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-line is-short"></span>' +
+      '<span class="aksrt-modal-runtime__skeleton-block"></span>' +
       '</div>';
   }
 
   function telemetryStart(kind) {
     if (kind === false) return "";
-    var telemetry = window.AksrtModalTelemetry;
-    if (!telemetry || typeof telemetry.start !== "function") return "";
-    return telemetry.start(kind || "unknown");
+    return window.AksrtModalTelemetry.start(kind || "generic");
   }
 
   function telemetryMark(session, event) {
-    var telemetry = window.AksrtModalTelemetry;
-    if (!session || !session.telemetryId || !telemetry || typeof telemetry.mark !== "function") return;
-    telemetry.mark(session.telemetryId, event);
+    if (!session || !session.telemetryId) return;
+    window.AksrtModalTelemetry.mark(session.telemetryId, event);
   }
 
   function setState(session, status, error) {
@@ -81,7 +78,7 @@
   }
 
   function closeSelector() {
-    return "[data-aksrt-remote-modal-close], [data-aksrt-modal-close], [data-dismiss='modal'], .aksrt-remote-modal__close, .aksrt-vip-modal-close, .payvip-modal .close";
+    return "[data-aksrt-modal-close], .aksrt-modal-runtime__close";
   }
 
   function bindChrome(session) {
@@ -93,11 +90,11 @@
         close("control");
         return;
       }
-      if (event.target === shell || event.target.classList.contains("aksrt-remote-modal__overlay")) {
+      if (event.target === shell || event.target.classList.contains("aksrt-modal-runtime__overlay")) {
         close("overlay");
         return;
       }
-      var retry = event.target.closest("[data-aksrt-remote-modal-retry], [data-aksrt-modal-retry]");
+      var retry = event.target.closest("[data-aksrt-modal-retry]");
       if (retry) {
         event.preventDefault();
         refresh();
@@ -138,31 +135,29 @@
     var initialHtml = options.html !== undefined ? options.html : skeleton(options);
     var titleId = "aksrt-modal-title-" + String(sequence + 1);
     var titleHtml = options.title
-      ? '<header class="aksrt-remote-modal__header"><h3 class="aksrt-remote-modal__title" id="' + titleId + '">' + escapeHtml(options.title) + '</h3><button type="button" class="aksrt-remote-modal__close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="关闭">&times;</button></header>'
+      ? '<header class="aksrt-modal-runtime__header"><h3 class="aksrt-modal-runtime__title" id="' + titleId + '">' + escapeHtml(options.title) + '</h3><button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-runtime__close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="关闭">&times;</button></header>'
       : "";
 
     shell.className =
-      "aksrt-remote-modal" +
-      (bottom ? " aksrt-remote-modal--bottom" : "") +
+      "aksrt-modal-runtime" +
+      (bottom ? " aksrt-modal-runtime--bottom" : "") +
       (options.className ? " " + options.className : "");
     shell.setAttribute("role", "dialog");
     shell.setAttribute("aria-modal", "true");
     if (options.title) shell.setAttribute("aria-labelledby", titleId);
     shell.setAttribute("tabindex", "-1");
     shell.innerHTML =
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__overlay" data-aksrt-remote-modal-close></div>' +
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__dialog" style="' + heightStyle + '">' +
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__overlay" data-aksrt-modal-close></div>' +
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__dialog" style="' + heightStyle + '">' +
       titleHtml +
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__content">' + initialHtml + "</div></div>";
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__content">' + initialHtml + "</div></div>";
 
     var session = {
       id: String(++sequence),
       shell: shell,
-      content: shell.querySelector(".aksrt-remote-modal__content"),
+      content: shell.querySelector(".aksrt-modal-runtime__content"),
       options: options,
-      state: window.AksrtModalState && typeof window.AksrtModalState.create === "function"
-        ? window.AksrtModalState.create(options.kind || "generic")
-        : { status: "idle", error: null },
+      state: window.AksrtModalState.create(options.kind || "generic"),
       focusReturn: document.activeElement,
       controller: null,
       flight: null,
@@ -184,9 +179,6 @@
       (nodes.length ? nodes[0] : shell).focus();
     } catch (error) {}
 
-    document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("aksrt:remote-modal:open", {
-      detail: { shell: shell, options: options, session: session },
-    }));
     document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("aksrt:modal:open", {
       detail: { shell: shell, options: options, session: session },
     }));
@@ -203,9 +195,7 @@
 
   function rehydrate(session) {
     if (!session || !session.content) return;
-    if (window.AksrtFrontend && typeof window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate === "function") {
-      window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate(session.content, "modal");
-    }
+    window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate(session.content, "modal");
   }
 
   function abortSessionRequest(session) {
@@ -226,9 +216,6 @@
     if (!preserveRequest) abortSessionRequest(session);
     session.shell.classList.remove("is-open");
     if (!preserveRequest) lockScroll(false);
-    document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("aksrt:remote-modal:close", {
-      detail: { shell: session.shell, reason: reason || "close", session: session },
-    }));
     document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent("aksrt:modal:close", {
       detail: { shell: session.shell, reason: reason || "close", session: session },
     }));
@@ -249,8 +236,6 @@
     if (json) {
       if (typeof json.html === "string") return json.html;
       if (json.data && typeof json.data.html === "string") return json.data.html;
-      if (json.data && typeof json.data.show_modal === "string") return json.data.show_modal;
-      if (typeof json.data === "string") return json.data;
     }
     return typeof result.text === "string" ? result.text : "";
   }
@@ -266,11 +251,11 @@
     setState(session, unauthorized ? "unauthorized" : "error", error);
     telemetryMark(session, unauthorized ? "unauthorized" : "error");
     session.content.innerHTML =
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__error touch border-title"><b>提示</b></div>' +
-      '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__error-body">' + escapeHtml(errorMessage(error)) +
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__error touch border-title"><b>提示</b></div>' +
+      '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__error-body">' + escapeHtml(errorMessage(error)) +
       '</div><div class="but-average modal-buts">' +
-      '<button type="button" class="but" data-aksrt-remote-modal-retry>重试</button>' +
-      '<button type="button" class="but" data-aksrt-remote-modal-close>关闭</button></div>';
+      '<button type="button" class="but" data-aksrt-modal-retry>重试</button>' +
+      '<button type="button" class="but" data-aksrt-modal-close>关闭</button></div>';
     rehydrate(session);
     if (typeof session.options.onError === "function") session.options.onError(error, session);
   }
@@ -282,7 +267,7 @@
       setState(session, "empty");
       telemetryMark(session, "first-content");
       telemetryMark(session, "ready");
-      session.content.innerHTML = '<div class="aksrt-remote-modal__error-body">暂无内容</div>';
+      session.content.innerHTML = '<div class="aksrt-modal-runtime__error-body">暂无内容</div>';
       return;
     }
     session.content.innerHTML = html;
@@ -311,21 +296,14 @@
     if (requestOptions.body === undefined) delete requestOptions.body;
     if (!requestOptions.signal) delete requestOptions.signal;
 
-    var request = window.AksrtRequest && typeof window.AksrtRequest.request === "function"
-      ? function () { return window.AksrtRequest.request(session.options.url, requestOptions); }
-      : function () {
-        return window.fetch(session.options.url, requestOptions).then(function (response) {
-          return response.text().then(function (text) { return { ok: response.ok, status: response.status, text: text, json: null }; });
-        });
-      };
+    var request = function () {
+      return window.AksrtRequest.request(session.options.url, requestOptions);
+    };
 
     var method = String(session.options.method || "GET").toUpperCase();
     var cacheable = method === "GET" && session.options.cache !== false;
     var cacheKey = session.options.cacheKey ||
-      method + ":" +
-      (window.AksrtRequest && typeof window.AksrtRequest.url === "function"
-        ? window.AksrtRequest.url(session.options.url, session.options.query)
-        : session.options.url);
+      method + ":" + window.AksrtRequest.url(session.options.url, session.options.query);
     var cache = window.AksrtModalCache;
     var acquireOptions = {
       ttl: Number(session.options.cacheTtl || 15000),
@@ -339,7 +317,7 @@
       },
     };
 
-    session.flight = cacheable && cache && typeof cache.acquire === "function"
+    session.flight = cacheable
       ? cache.acquire(cacheKey, request, acquireOptions)
       : { promise: request(), release: function () {} };
 
@@ -367,9 +345,7 @@
   function sessionKey(options) {
     if (!options || !options.url) return "";
     var method = String(options.method || "GET").toUpperCase();
-    var requestUrl = window.AksrtRequest && typeof window.AksrtRequest.url === "function"
-      ? window.AksrtRequest.url(options.url, options.query)
-      : String(options.url);
+    var requestUrl = window.AksrtRequest.url(options.url, options.query);
     return method + ":" + requestUrl;
   }
 
@@ -400,10 +376,7 @@
   }
 
   function invalidate(tags) {
-    if (window.AksrtModalCache && typeof window.AksrtModalCache.invalidate === "function") {
-      return window.AksrtModalCache.invalidate(tags);
-    }
-    return 0;
+    return window.AksrtModalCache.invalidate(tags);
   }
 
   window.AksrtModalRuntime = {
diff --git a/assets/js/core/modal-triggers.js b/assets/js/core/modal-triggers.js
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..375a2582
--- /dev/null
+++ b/assets/js/core/modal-triggers.js
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+/**
+ * Declarative modal triggers.
+ *
+ * The only modal entry point is AksrtModalRuntime. Triggers carry an
+ * explicit URL and never create a second modal implementation.
+ *
+ * @package AKSRT
+ */
+(function (window, document) {
+  "use strict";
+
+  function openFromTrigger(element) {
+    var runtime = window.AksrtModalRuntime;
+    var url = element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-url") || "";
+    if (!url || url === "#") return;
+
+    var ttl = parseInt(element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-cache-ttl") || "15000", 10);
+    var tags = (element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-cache-tags") || "").split(",").map(function (tag) {
+      return tag.trim();
+    }).filter(Boolean);
+
+    runtime.openRemote({
+      url: url,
+      method: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-method") || "GET",
+      className: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-class") || "modal-mini full-sm",
+      height: parseInt(element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-height") || "0", 10) || 0,
+      mobileBottom: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-mobile-bottom") === "true",
+      bottom: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-bottom") === "true",
+      kind: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-kind") || "generic",
+      cacheKey: element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-modal-cache-key") || "",
+      cacheTtl: ttl > 0 ? ttl : 15000,
+      cacheTags: tags,
+    });
+  }
+
+  document.addEventListener("click", function (event) {
+    var trigger = event.target.closest('[data-aksrt-modal="remote"]');
+    if (!trigger) return;
+    event.preventDefault();
+    openFromTrigger(trigger);
+  });
+})(window, document);
diff --git a/assets/js/core/remote-modal.js b/assets/js/core/remote-modal.js
deleted file mode 100644
index e115c9b5..00000000
--- a/assets/js/core/remote-modal.js
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,77 +0,0 @@
-/**
- * AKSRT Remote Modal compatibility bridge.
- *
- * The lifecycle implementation lives in AksrtModalRuntime. This file keeps
- * the legacy trigger contract and the AksrtRemoteModal public alias stable.
- *
- * @package AKSRT
- */
-(function (window, document) {
-  "use strict";
-
-  function runtime() {
-    return window.AksrtModalRuntime || null;
-  }
-
-  function fromTrigger(element) {
-    var modalRuntime = runtime();
-    if (!modalRuntime || !element) return Promise.reject(new Error("modal runtime unavailable"));
-
-    var url = element.getAttribute("data-remote") ||
-      element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-remote") ||
-      element.getAttribute("href") || "";
-    if (!url || url === "#") return Promise.resolve(null);
-
-    var ttl = parseInt(element.getAttribute("data-modal-cache-ttl") || "15000", 10);
-    var tags = (element.getAttribute("data-modal-cache-tags") || "").split(",").map(function (tag) {
-      return tag.trim();
-    }).filter(Boolean);
-
-    return modalRuntime.openRemote({
-      url: url,
-      method: element.getAttribute("data-method") || "GET",
-      className: element.getAttribute("data-class") || element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-class") || "modal-mini full-sm",
-      height: parseInt(element.getAttribute("data-height") || element.getAttribute("data-aksrt-height") || "0", 10) || 0,
-      mobileBottom: element.getAttribute("mobile-bottom") !== "false",
-      bottom: element.getAttribute("data-bottom") === "true",
-      kind: element.getAttribute("data-modal-kind") || "generic",
-      cacheKey: element.getAttribute("data-modal-cache-key") || "",
-      cacheTtl: ttl > 0 ? ttl : 15000,
-      cacheTags: tags,
-    });
-  }
-
-  function bind() {
-    if (window.__aksrtRemoteModalBound) return;
-    if (!runtime()) return;
-    window.__aksrtRemoteModalBound = true;
-
-    document.addEventListener("click", function (event) {
-      var trigger = event.target.closest(
-        '[data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal"], [data-toggle="RefreshModal"], [data-aksrt-remote-modal], a.aksrt-remote-modal-link'
-      );
-      if (!trigger || trigger.getAttribute("data-aksrt-remote-modal") === "off") return;
-      event.preventDefault();
-      fromTrigger(trigger);
-    });
-  }
-
-  function expose() {
-    var modalRuntime = runtime();
-    if (!modalRuntime) return;
-    window.AksrtRemoteModal = {
-      open: modalRuntime.open,
-      openRemote: modalRuntime.openRemote,
-      close: modalRuntime.close,
-      refresh: modalRuntime.refresh,
-      fromTrigger: fromTrigger,
-      getActive: modalRuntime.getActive,
-    };
-    bind();
-  }
-
-  expose();
-  if (!window.AksrtModalRuntime) {
-    document.addEventListener("aksrt:modal-runtime:ready", expose, { once: true });
-  }
-})(window, document);
diff --git a/assets/js/enhancements2.js b/assets/js/enhancements2.js
index 110ef7c3..273edb5d 100644
--- a/assets/js/enhancements2.js
+++ b/assets/js/enhancements2.js
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@
     initParallax();
     initFloatLabels();
     initSigninCalendar();
-    document.addEventListener('aksrt:remote-modal:open', function () {
+    document.addEventListener('aksrt:modal:open', function () {
       // Remote modal may inject calendar markup after open.
       window.setTimeout(initSigninCalendar, 30);
     });
diff --git a/assets/js/order-center.js b/assets/js/order-center.js
index 941b14c9..9927f199 100644
--- a/assets/js/order-center.js
+++ b/assets/js/order-center.js
@@ -16,21 +16,10 @@
     var detailOrderNumber = "";
 
     function toast(message, type) {
-        if (typeof window.AksrtToast === "function") {
-            window.AksrtToast(message, type || "info");
-            return;
-        }
-        if (typeof window.aksrtNotify === "function") {
-            window.aksrtNotify(message, type || "info");
-            return;
-        }
-        window.alert(message);
+        window.AksrtToast(message, type || "info");
     }
 
     function request(path, body, method) {
-        if (!window.AksrtRequest || typeof window.AksrtRequest.request !== "function") {
-            return Promise.resolve({ success: false, message: "请求适配器未加载" });
-        }
         var options = { method: method || "POST" };
         if (body !== undefined) options.body = JSON.stringify(body || {});
         return window.AksrtRequest.request(path, options).then(function (response) {
@@ -219,9 +208,7 @@
         button.disabled = true;
         request(orderPath(number, "/pay"), method ? { payment_method: method } : {}).then(function (result) {
             if (!result.success) throw new Error(result.message || "支付失败");
-            if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === "function") {
-                window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["orders", "vip"]);
-            }
+            window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["orders", "vip"]);
             var data = result.data || {};
             if (data.redirect && data.payment_url) {
                 window.location.assign(data.payment_url);
@@ -246,9 +233,7 @@
         button.disabled = true;
         request(orderPath(number, "/cancel")).then(function (result) {
             if (!result.success) throw new Error(result.message || "关闭订单失败");
-            if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === "function") {
-                window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["orders", "vip"]);
-            }
+            window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["orders", "vip"]);
             toast("订单已关闭");
             refreshView();
         }).catch(function (error) {
diff --git a/assets/js/pay-vip.js b/assets/js/pay-vip.js
index fbbf5283..ad0ef7b2 100644
--- a/assets/js/pay-vip.js
+++ b/assets/js/pay-vip.js
@@ -6,16 +6,7 @@
   "use strict";
 
   function api(path, options) {
-    var opts = Object.assign({}, options || {});
-    var request = window.AksrtRequest && typeof window.AksrtRequest.request === "function"
-      ? window.AksrtRequest.request(path, opts)
-      : fetch(path, Object.assign({ credentials: "same-origin" }, opts)).then(function (response) {
-        return response.json().then(function (json) {
-          return { ok: response.ok, status: response.status, json: json };
-        });
-      });
-
-    return request.then(function (response) {
+    return window.AksrtRequest.request(path, Object.assign({}, options || {})).then(function (response) {
       return {
         ok: response.ok,
         status: response.status,
@@ -34,11 +25,10 @@
   var activeVipShell = null;
 
   function openModal() {
-    if (!window.AksrtModalRuntime || typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.open !== "function") return null;
     activeVipShell = window.AksrtModalRuntime.open({
       className: "aksrt-vip-modal-shell",
       mobileBottom: false,
-      skeleton: '<div class="aksrt-vip-modal-dialog"><div class="aksrt-vip-modal-content" data-aksrt-vip-modal-body><div class="text-center padding-20 muted-2-color">加载中…</div></div></div>',
+      skeleton: '<div class="aksrt-vip-modal-panel"><div class="aksrt-vip-modal-content" data-aksrt-vip-modal-body><div class="text-center padding-20 muted-2-color">加载中…</div></div></div>',
       telemetry: false,
       kind: "vip",
     });
@@ -46,9 +36,7 @@
   }
 
   function closeModal() {
-    if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.close === "function") {
-      window.AksrtModalRuntime.close("vip");
-    }
+    window.AksrtModalRuntime.close("vip");
     activeVipShell = null;
   }
 
@@ -151,17 +139,13 @@
         }
         var data = r.json && r.json.data ? r.json.data : r.json;
         if (data && data.redirect && (data.payment_url || data.qr_content)) {
-          if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === "function") {
-            window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["vip", "orders"]);
-          }
+          window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["vip", "orders"]);
           if (data.payment_url) window.open(data.payment_url, "_blank");
           setTip(pane, data.message || "请完成支付，支付成功后将自动刷新。");
           if (data.order_number) pollOrder(data.order_number);
           return;
         }
-        if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === "function") {
-          window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["vip", "orders"]);
-        }
+        window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(["vip", "orders"]);
         setTip(pane, (data && data.message) || "开通成功，正在刷新…");
         setTimeout(function () {
           window.location.reload();
@@ -189,11 +173,6 @@
       if (telemetry && telemetryId && typeof telemetry.mark === "function") telemetry.mark(telemetryId, event);
     }
     var shell = openModal();
-    if (!shell) {
-      loading = false;
-      telemetryMark("error");
-      return;
-    }
     var body = shell.querySelector("[data-aksrt-vip-modal-body]");
     telemetryMark("shell");
 
@@ -220,9 +199,7 @@
         if (body) {
           body.innerHTML = r.json.html;
           telemetryMark("first-content");
-          if (window.AksrtFrontend && typeof window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate === "function") {
-            window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate(body, "modal");
-          }
+          window.AksrtFrontend.rehydrate(body, "modal");
           bindModalUi(body);
           telemetryMark("ready");
         }
diff --git a/assets/js/user-badges.js b/assets/js/user-badges.js
index 9e3fd19e..04ed5e8d 100644
--- a/assets/js/user-badges.js
+++ b/assets/js/user-badges.js
@@ -3,15 +3,12 @@
  *
  * User-center modal: category-grouped medal card grid + in-modal detail
  * view (medal-background card, obtain time, wear action). Also provides the
- * global wear handler used inside remote (AJAX HTML) badge modals.
+ * global wear handler used inside runtime-loaded badge modals.
  */
 (function () {
   'use strict';
 
   function api(path, options) {
-    if (!window.AksrtRequest || typeof window.AksrtRequest.request !== 'function') {
-      return Promise.resolve({ ok: false, status: 0, json: { message: '请求适配器未加载' } });
-    }
     return window.AksrtRequest.request(path, options || {}).then(function (response) {
       return { ok: response.ok, status: response.status, json: response.json || {} };
     }).catch(function (error) {
@@ -25,15 +22,7 @@
   }
 
   function toast(msg, type) {
-    if (typeof window.AksrtToast === 'function') {
-      window.AksrtToast(msg, type || 'info');
-      return;
-    }
-    if (typeof window.aksrtNotify === 'function') {
-      window.aksrtNotify(msg, type || 'info');
-      return;
-    }
-    try { console.log('[AKSRT badges]', msg); } catch (_) {}
+    window.AksrtToast(msg, type || 'info');
   }
 
   function escapeHtml(s) {
@@ -260,9 +249,7 @@
           return;
         }
         toast((r.json && r.json.message) || '已佩戴徽章', 'success');
-        if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === 'function') {
-          window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(['badges', 'identity']);
-        }
+        window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(['badges', 'identity']);
         state.data = (r.json && r.json.data) || state.data;
         renderHead();
         renderGrid();
@@ -352,9 +339,7 @@
         return;
       }
       toast((r.json && r.json.message) || '已佩戴徽章', 'success');
-      if (window.AksrtModalRuntime && typeof window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate === 'function') {
-        window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(['badges', 'identity']);
-      }
+      window.AksrtModalRuntime.invalidate(['badges', 'identity']);
       // Re-open the refreshed single-badge modal so state stays in sync.
       var refreshed = null;
       try {
@@ -362,19 +347,21 @@
         var data = r.json && r.json.data;
         var isSelf = data && data.is_self;
         if (isSelf && data.wear) {
-          refreshed = (window.aksrtData && aksrtData.ajaxUrl)
-            ? aksrtData.ajaxUrl + '?action=aksrt_single_badge_info_modal&name=' + encodeURIComponent(data.wear) + '&user_id=' + (uid || 0)
+          refreshed = uid > 0 && data.wear
+            ? window.AksrtRequest.url('/users/' + uid + '/badges/' + encodeURIComponent(data.wear) + '/modal')
             : null;
         }
       } catch (_) {}
-      try {
-        if (refreshed && window.AksrtRemoteModal && typeof window.AksrtRemoteModal.openRemote === 'function') {
-          window.AksrtRemoteModal.openRemote({ url: refreshed, className: 'modal-mini', mobileBottom: true });
-        } else {
-          document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('aksrt:remote-modal:close'));
-        }
-      } catch (_) {
-        try { document.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent('aksrt:remote-modal:close')); } catch (__) {}
+      if (refreshed) {
+        window.AksrtModalRuntime.openRemote({
+          url: refreshed,
+          className: 'modal-mini',
+          mobileBottom: true,
+          kind: 'badges',
+          cache: false,
+        });
+      } else {
+        window.AksrtModalRuntime.close('badge-wear');
       }
     }).catch(function () {
       toast('网络错误', 'error');
diff --git a/inc/helpers/aksrt-ajax-list.php b/inc/helpers/aksrt-ajax-list.php
index 9013a057..1021888b 100644
--- a/inc/helpers/aksrt-ajax-list.php
+++ b/inc/helpers/aksrt-ajax-list.php
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 /**
- * Ajax list + remote modal helpers (zibll ajax-next / RefreshModal parity).
+ * Ajax list helpers and declarative modal trigger markup.
  *
  * @package AKSRT
  */
@@ -64,9 +64,9 @@ if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_ajax_next_paginate')) {
 	}
 }
 
-if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_remote_modal_link')) {
+if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_modal_link')) {
 	/**
-	 * Build a remote-modal trigger (zibll zib_get_refresh_modal_link subset).
+	 * Build a declarative modal runtime trigger.
 	 *
 	 * @param array{
 	 *   tag?:string,class?:string,text?:string,url?:string,
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_remote_modal_link')) {
 	 *   query_arg?:array<string,scalar>
 	 * } $args
 	 */
-	function aksrt_get_remote_modal_link(array $args = []): string {
+	function aksrt_get_modal_link(array $args = []): string {
 		$tag     = sanitize_key((string) ($args['tag'] ?? 'a'));
 		if (!in_array($tag, ['a', 'button', 'span'], true)) {
 			$tag = 'a';
@@ -90,15 +90,15 @@ if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_remote_modal_link')) {
 		$height     = isset($args['height']) ? (int) $args['height'] : 0;
 		$mobile     = !isset($args['mobile_bottom']) || !empty($args['mobile_bottom']);
 
-		$attrs  = ' class="' . esc_attr(trim($class . ' aksrt-remote-modal-link')) . '"';
-		$attrs .= ' data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal"';
-		$attrs .= ' data-remote="' . esc_url($url) . '"';
-		$attrs .= ' data-class="' . esc_attr($data_class) . '"';
+		$attrs  = ' class="' . esc_attr(trim($class . ' aksrt-modal-link')) . '"';
+		$attrs .= ' data-aksrt-modal="remote"';
+		$attrs .= ' data-aksrt-modal-url="' . esc_url($url) . '"';
+		$attrs .= ' data-aksrt-modal-class="' . esc_attr($data_class) . '"';
 		if ($height > 0) {
-			$attrs .= ' data-height="' . esc_attr((string) $height) . '"';
+			$attrs .= ' data-aksrt-modal-height="' . esc_attr((string) $height) . '"';
 		}
 		if ($mobile) {
-			$attrs .= ' mobile-bottom="true"';
+			$attrs .= ' data-aksrt-modal-mobile-bottom="true"';
 		}
 		if ($tag === 'a') {
 			$attrs .= ' href="' . esc_url($url !== '' ? $url : '#') . '"';
diff --git a/src/Content/VipServiceModal.php b/src/Content/VipServiceModal.php
index c26b0d3e..b1433d68 100644
--- a/src/Content/VipServiceModal.php
+++ b/src/Content/VipServiceModal.php
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ trait VipServiceModal {
         }
 
         $html  = '<div class="box-body payvip-modal" data-aksrt-vip-modal>';
-        $html .= '<button type="button" class="close aksrt-vip-modal-close" aria-label="Close">&times;</button>';
+        $html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="Close">&times;</button>';
         $html .= '<ul class="list-inline user-box flex ac mb10"><li class="avatar-img">' . $avatar . '</li>';
         $html .= '<li><b class="em12">' . esc_html($name) . '</b>';
         if ($desc !== '') {
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ trait VipServiceModal {
         }
 
         $html  = '<div class="box-body payvip-modal" data-aksrt-vip-modal>';
-        $html .= '<button type="button" class="close aksrt-vip-modal-close" aria-label="Close">&times;</button>';
+        $html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="Close">&times;</button>';
         $html .= '<ul class="list-inline user-box flex ac mb10"><li class="avatar-img">' . $avatar . '</li>';
         $html .= '<li><b class="em12">' . esc_html($name) . '</b>';
         $html .= '<div class="muted-2-color em09"><span class="badg c-yellow vip-expdate-tag">'
diff --git a/src/Core/ScriptsPart1b.php b/src/Core/ScriptsPart1b.php
index 1b9bd2ff..bbf76059 100644
--- a/src/Core/ScriptsPart1b.php
+++ b/src/Core/ScriptsPart1b.php
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ trait ScriptsPart1b {
         }
 
         // 4a-b. 全局补充样式（骨架屏、空状态、分页、加载指示器）
-        foreach (['skeleton', 'empty-state', 'pagination', 'ajax-spinner', 'remote-modal'] as $slug) {
+        foreach (['skeleton', 'empty-state', 'pagination', 'ajax-spinner', 'modal-runtime'] as $slug) {
             $css_path = get_template_directory() . '/assets/css/frontend/' . $slug . '.css';
             if (file_exists($css_path)) {
                 wp_enqueue_style(
@@ -894,7 +894,7 @@ $hmb_js = get_template_directory() . '/assets/js/header-newadd.js';
                     wp_enqueue_script(
                         'aksrt-user-badges',
                         $base_uri . '/assets/js/user-badges.js',
-                        ['aksrt-script', 'aksrt-core-request', 'aksrt-core-modal-runtime', 'aksrt-core-remote-modal'],
+                        ['aksrt-script', 'aksrt-core-request', 'aksrt-core-modal-runtime', 'aksrt-core-modal-triggers'],
                         (string) filemtime($badges_js_path),
                         true
                     );
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ $hmb_js = get_template_directory() . '/assets/js/header-newadd.js';
                     wp_enqueue_script(
                         'aksrt-user-badges',
                         $base_uri . '/assets/js/user-badges.js',
-                        ['aksrt-script', 'aksrt-core-request', 'aksrt-core-modal-runtime', 'aksrt-core-remote-modal'],
+                        ['aksrt-script', 'aksrt-core-request', 'aksrt-core-modal-runtime', 'aksrt-core-modal-triggers'],
                         (string) filemtime($badges_js_path_global),
                         true
                     );
diff --git a/src/Core/ScriptsPart1c.php b/src/Core/ScriptsPart1c.php
index a715b0b7..bd5dbff9 100644
--- a/src/Core/ScriptsPart1c.php
+++ b/src/Core/ScriptsPart1c.php
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ trait ScriptsPart1c {
             true
         );
 
-        // Runtime infrastructure: tbquire / notyf / confirm / refreshModal / scrollTopTo / [data-*] declarative
+        // Runtime infrastructure: tbquire / notyf / confirm / scrollTopTo / [data-*] declarative
         $runtime_js = get_template_directory() . '/assets/js/aksrt-runtime.js';
         if (file_exists($runtime_js)) {
             wp_enqueue_script(
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ trait ScriptsPart1c {
             'aksrt-core-modal-cache'     => 'modal-cache.js',
             'aksrt-core-modal-state'     => 'modal-state.js',
             'aksrt-core-modal-runtime'   => 'modal-runtime.js',
-            'aksrt-core-remote-modal'    => 'remote-modal.js',
+            'aksrt-core-modal-triggers'    => 'modal-triggers.js',
             'aksrt-core-pagination'      => 'pagination.js',
             'aksrt-core-archive'       => 'archive.js',
             'aksrt-core-footer-tabbar' => 'footer-tabbar.js',
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ trait ScriptsPart1c {
                         'aksrt-core-modal-cache',
                         'aksrt-core-modal-state',
                     ]);
-                } elseif ($handle === 'aksrt-core-remote-modal') {
+                } elseif ($handle === 'aksrt-core-modal-triggers') {
                     $deps[] = 'aksrt-core-modal-runtime';
                 }
                 wp_enqueue_script(
diff --git a/src/Credits/Signin.php b/src/Credits/Signin.php
index cfb6bff3..3b072b2d 100644
--- a/src/Credits/Signin.php
+++ b/src/Credits/Signin.php
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ class Signin {
         $html .= '<div class="aksrt-checkin-modal__head">';
         $html .= '<i class="fa fa-calendar-check-o" aria-hidden="true"></i>';
         $html .= '<strong>' . esc_html__('签到领奖励', 'aksrt') . '</strong>';
-        $html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-remote-modal__close" data-aksrt-remote-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
+        $html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-runtime__close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
         $html .= '</div>';
 
         $html .= '<div class="aksrt-checkin-modal__user">';
diff --git a/src/User/Badges.php b/src/User/Badges.php
index f3650169..ff69551e 100644
--- a/src/User/Badges.php
+++ b/src/User/Badges.php
@@ -30,11 +30,6 @@ class Badges {
 	public function init(): void {
 		add_action('rest_api_init', [$this, 'register_routes']);
 		add_action('aksrt_badge_granted', [$this, 'on_badge_granted_notify'], 10, 3);
-		// HTML modal for remote-modal (zibll user_medal_info_modal).
-		add_action('wp_ajax_aksrt_user_badge_info_modal', [$this, 'ajax_info_modal']);
-		add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_aksrt_user_badge_info_modal', [$this, 'ajax_info_modal']);
-		add_action('wp_ajax_aksrt_single_badge_info_modal', [$this, 'ajax_single_info_modal']);
-		add_action('wp_ajax_nopriv_aksrt_single_badge_info_modal', [$this, 'ajax_single_info_modal']);
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -71,39 +66,32 @@ class Badges {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * AJAX: full badge list modal HTML.
+	 * REST response for the badge list modal.
 	 */
-	public function ajax_info_modal(): void {
-		$user_id = max(0, (int) ($_REQUEST['id'] ?? $_REQUEST['user_id'] ?? 0)); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification.Recommended
-		if ($user_id <= 0) {
-			$user_id = get_current_user_id();
-		}
+	public function rest_modal_list(\WP_REST_Request $request) {
+		$user_id = absint($request->get_param('id'));
 		if ($user_id <= 0 || !get_userdata($user_id)) {
-			wp_send_json_error(['message' => __('用户不存在', 'aksrt')], 404);
+			return new \WP_Error('aksrt_badge_user_missing', __('用户不存在', 'aksrt'), ['status' => 404]);
 		}
-		$html = self::render_info_modal_html($user_id);
-		wp_send_json_success(['html' => $html]);
+		return new \WP_REST_Response(['html' => self::render_info_modal_html($user_id)], 200);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * AJAX: single badge detail modal.
+	 * REST response for a single badge modal.
 	 */
-	public function ajax_single_info_modal(): void {
-		$slug    = sanitize_key((string) ($_REQUEST['name'] ?? $_REQUEST['slug'] ?? '')); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification.Recommended
-		$user_id = max(0, (int) ($_REQUEST['user_id'] ?? $_REQUEST['id'] ?? 0)); // phpcs:ignore WordPress.Security.NonceVerification.Recommended
+	public function rest_modal_single(\WP_REST_Request $request) {
+		$slug    = sanitize_key((string) $request->get_param('slug'));
+		$user_id = absint($request->get_param('id'));
 		if ($slug === '') {
-			wp_send_json_error(['message' => __('徽章不存在', 'aksrt')], 404);
+			return new \WP_Error('aksrt_badge_missing', __('徽章不存在', 'aksrt'), ['status' => 404]);
 		}
-		$html = self::render_single_modal_html($slug, $user_id);
-		wp_send_json_success(['html' => $html]);
+		return new \WP_REST_Response(['html' => self::render_single_modal_html($slug, $user_id)], 200);
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Badge list modal HTML (zibll zib_get_user_medal_info_modal parity).
+	 * Badge list modal HTML.
 	 *
-	 * Head (avatar + owner + worn medal) + category-grouped medal card grid.
-	 * Each card deep-links into the single badge modal via the remote-modal
-	 * contract (data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal" + data-remote).
+	 * Head (avatar + owner + worn medal) and category-grouped medal card grid.
 	 */
 	public static function render_info_modal_html(int $user_id): string {
 		$user = get_userdata($user_id);
@@ -134,7 +122,7 @@ class Badges {
 		}
 
 		$html  = '<div class="medal-modal">';
-		$html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-remote-modal__close" data-aksrt-remote-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
+		$html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-runtime__close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
 		$html .= '<div class="medal-modal__head">';
 		$html .= '<img class="medal-modal__avatar" src="' . esc_url((string) $avatar) . '" alt="" width="42" height="42" />';
 		$html .= '<div class="medal-modal__title"><span class="em09">' . esc_html(sprintf(__('%s的徽章', 'aksrt'), $display)) . '</span>' . $wear_slot . '</div>';
@@ -162,9 +150,9 @@ class Badges {
 
 		// Footer: quick jump to my own badges while browsing someone else (zibll).
 		if (!$is_self && $current > 0) {
-			$my_url = add_query_arg(['action' => 'aksrt_user_badge_info_modal', 'id' => $current], admin_url('admin-ajax.php'));
+			$my_url = rest_url('aksrt/v1/users/' . $current . '/badges/modal');
 			$html  .= '<div class="medal-modal__buts">';
-			$html  .= '<a class="but c-blue" href="' . esc_url($my_url) . '" data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal" data-remote="' . esc_url($my_url) . '" data-class="full-sm" mobile-bottom="true"><i class="fas fa-medal" aria-hidden="true"></i> ' . esc_html__('查看我的徽章', 'aksrt') . '</a>';
+			$html  .= '<a class="but c-blue" href="' . esc_url($my_url) . '" data-aksrt-modal="remote" data-aksrt-modal-url="' . esc_url($my_url) . '" data-aksrt-modal-class="full-sm" data-aksrt-modal-mobile-bottom="true"><i class="fas fa-medal" aria-hidden="true"></i> ' . esc_html__('查看我的徽章', 'aksrt') . '</a>';
 			$html  .= '</div>';
 		}
 
@@ -199,12 +187,9 @@ class Badges {
 		}
 		$card .= '</div>';
 
-		$url = add_query_arg(
-			['action' => 'aksrt_single_badge_info_modal', 'name' => $slug, 'user_id' => $user_id],
-			admin_url('admin-ajax.php')
-		);
+		$url = rest_url('aksrt/v1/users/' . $user_id . '/badges/' . rawurlencode($slug) . '/modal');
 
-		return '<a class="medal-list" href="' . esc_url($url) . '" data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal" data-remote="' . esc_url($url) . '" data-class="modal-mini" mobile-bottom="true">' . $card . '</a>';
+		return '<a class="medal-list" href="' . esc_url($url) . '" data-aksrt-modal="remote" data-aksrt-modal-url="' . esc_url($url) . '" data-aksrt-modal-class="modal-mini" data-aksrt-modal-mobile-bottom="true">' . $card . '</a>';
 	}
 
 	/**
@@ -244,7 +229,7 @@ class Badges {
 		}
 
 		$html  = '<div class="medal-modal medal-modal--single">';
-		$html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-remote-modal__close" data-aksrt-remote-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
+		$html .= '<button type="button" class="aksrt-modal-runtime__close" data-aksrt-modal-close aria-label="' . esc_attr__('关闭', 'aksrt') . '">&times;</button>';
 		$html .= '<div class="medal-single-card">';
 		$html .= '<div class="medal-single-bg"><img class="fit-cover" src="' . esc_url($bg) . '" alt="" /></div>';
 		$html .= '<div class="medal-single-main">' . $icon_html;
@@ -262,8 +247,8 @@ class Badges {
 
 		// Back to the full badge list modal.
 		if ($user_id > 0) {
-			$back_url = add_query_arg(['action' => 'aksrt_user_badge_info_modal', 'id' => $user_id], admin_url('admin-ajax.php'));
-			$html    .= '<a class="medal-modal__back muted-2-color em09" href="' . esc_url($back_url) . '" data-toggle="AksrtRemoteModal" data-remote="' . esc_url($back_url) . '" data-class="full-sm" mobile-bottom="true"><i class="fas fa-angle-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> ' . esc_html__('返回徽章列表', 'aksrt') . '</a>';
+			$back_url = rest_url('aksrt/v1/users/' . $user_id . '/badges/modal');
+			$html    .= '<a class="medal-modal__back muted-2-color em09" href="' . esc_url($back_url) . '" data-aksrt-modal="remote" data-aksrt-modal-url="' . esc_url($back_url) . '" data-aksrt-modal-class="full-sm" data-aksrt-modal-mobile-bottom="true"><i class="fas fa-angle-left" aria-hidden="true"></i> ' . esc_html__('返回徽章列表', 'aksrt') . '</a>';
 		}
 
 		$html .= '</div>';
@@ -271,7 +256,7 @@ class Badges {
 	}
 
 	/**
-	 * Remote-modal trigger for a user's badge list (zibll zib_get_user_medal_info_link).
+	 * Declarative modal runtime trigger for a user's badge list.
 	 */
 	public static function get_info_link(int $user_id, string $class = '', ?string $text = null): string {
 		if ($user_id <= 0 || !self::enabled()) {
@@ -280,17 +265,11 @@ class Badges {
 		if ($text === null) {
 			$text = __('徽章明细', 'aksrt');
 		}
-		if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_remote_modal_link')) {
+		if (!function_exists('aksrt_get_modal_link')) {
 			return '';
 		}
-		$url = add_query_arg(
-			[
-				'action' => 'aksrt_user_badge_info_modal',
-				'id'     => $user_id,
-			],
-			admin_url('admin-ajax.php')
-		);
-		return aksrt_get_remote_modal_link([
+		$url = rest_url('aksrt/v1/users/' . $user_id . '/badges/modal');
+		return aksrt_get_modal_link([
 			'tag'           => 'a',
 			'class'         => trim('user-medal-info ' . $class),
 			'text'          => $text,
@@ -315,6 +294,37 @@ class Badges {
 			],
 		]);
 
+		register_rest_route('aksrt/v1', '/users/(?P<id>\d+)/badges/modal', [
+			'methods'             => 'GET',
+			'callback'            => [$this, 'rest_modal_list'],
+			'permission_callback' => '__return_true',
+			'args'                => [
+				'id' => [
+					'type'              => 'integer',
+					'required'          => true,
+					'sanitize_callback' => 'absint',
+				],
+			],
+		]);
+
+		register_rest_route('aksrt/v1', '/users/(?P<id>\d+)/badges/(?P<slug>[a-z0-9_-]+)/modal', [
+			'methods'             => 'GET',
+			'callback'            => [$this, 'rest_modal_single'],
+			'permission_callback' => '__return_true',
+			'args'                => [
+				'id' => [
+					'type'              => 'integer',
+					'required'          => true,
+					'sanitize_callback' => 'absint',
+				],
+				'slug' => [
+					'type'              => 'string',
+					'required'          => true,
+					'sanitize_callback' => 'sanitize_key',
+				],
+			],
+		]);
+
 		register_rest_route('aksrt/v1', '/users/me/badges/wear', [
 			'methods'             => 'POST',
 			'callback'            => [$this, 'rest_wear'],
diff --git a/templates/parts/user/author-hero.php b/templates/parts/user/author-hero.php
index 9ac275a2..fcd8f509 100644
--- a/templates/parts/user/author-hero.php
+++ b/templates/parts/user/author-hero.php
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ $pm_url = ($pm_enabled && $messages_url !== '')
 			<?php endif; ?>
 
 			<?php
-			// Badge detail remote-modal (zibll user medal info).
+			// Badge detail modal runtime link.
 			if (class_exists('\AKSRT\User\Badges') && \AKSRT\User\Badges::enabled() && \AKSRT\User\Badges::public_display()) {
 				$badge_link = \AKSRT\User\Badges::get_info_link($user_id, 'but but-sm jb-blue mt6', __('徽章明细', 'aksrt'));
 				if ($badge_link !== '') {